Countermeasures against Freon gas are delayed ③

Expand business opportunities related to CFC countermeasures Prof. Hideaki Nakane of Kochi University of Technology (environmental science) is important not only to strengthen the application of penalties, but also to develop CFC-less greenhouse effect and use of alternative substances. Although it is not a frontal penalty, the development of substitutes for each company is progressing. The development of refrigerant, foaming agents, and detergents using a completely different type of material is also underway. For example, a large commercial refrigerator for ammonia and refrigerant is considered the use of old-fashioned ammonia, there is toxicity and flammable ammonia, there is a problem in the use of household refrigerators, Instead, hydrocarbons such as propane and butane have been researched and developed. Hydrocarbon. It seems that there is no problem because the amount of filling is small in the refrigerator for the home though it is flammable. In Europe, household refrigerators that use hydrocarbons are quite popular. Japan manufacturers have started production and sales since 2002. The introduction of hydrocarbons into air conditioners is also under research and development. Sales have been started in the Germany. Although non-flammable carbon dioxide is an ideal refrigerant, there is a drawback that there is no refrigerant effect in the environment with high outside temperature. However, the research and development to use it for the car air conditioner advances. On the other hand, the MH refrigeration system which uses the property "The heat is discharged when the hydrogen is absorbed and the hydrogen is emitted, and absorbs the heat" of the hydrogen adsorption alloy of the refrigeration system which does not use the refrigerant is one of the attempts. In addition, the electronic device is systemized. A system that utilizes the Peltier effect of "heat transfer from one metal to the other metal when electricity is passed to the junction of two metals", the cooling of the processor of the computer and the small refrigerator of the hotel and the hospital because it is quiet It is already used for the refrigerator of the wine only. Hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide for the foaming agent, the conversion to water has been partially practical, for the propellant is converted to hydrocarbons (liquefied natural gas: LPG) except for special applications. Water or the like is used for the cleaning agent. Environmental business is a mission to improve the environmental impact of "century in the Environment" in the 21st century, the needs are just growing.

Countermeasures against Freon gas are delayed ②

Domestic and international initiatives for freon gas Freon gases have a significant impact on the human body, while contributing to the natural destruction caused by global warming. It does not go though it is the one which appeared as a product of an endless desire either way though the Freon is left. After the possibility of ozone depletion by CFC was pointed out in 1974, developed countries, including the Japan, took steps to prevent the freeze of production capacity and the gradual prohibition of use. In the late 1980s, international conventions and protocols were established, and many countries were contracting. In 1953, the "Vienna Treaty for the Protection of the Ozone layer" (172 countries and EU) concluded the "Montreal Protocol on substances that destroy the ozone layer" in 1987. After that, amendments were made to the addition of regulated substances and the examination of regulatory schedules, etc. In Japan, in the latter half of the 1990s, manuals and programs were created for the recovery and destruction of CFC. In May 1988, the Act on the Protection of the ozone layer by the regulation of specific substances was enacted as a law to promote the protection of the ozone layer. The law has reduced the amount of CFC production and consumption in the Japan, but the collection and destruction of CFCs in the case where the equipment used to dispose of chlorofluorocarbons has been discarded has been carried out by local governments and industry voluntary efforts, There was no legal system about processing. Therefore, most of the CFC was released into the atmosphere. To solve this, it is this law that has been enacted.

In 1998, the "Household Equipment Recycling Act (Home Appliance recycle Law)" was obligated to recover refrigerant freon from household refrigerators and air conditioners. In 2001, "The Act on the recovery and destruction of CFC in particular products (CFC recovery and fracture law)" prohibits the discharge of refrigerant CFC used in commercial refrigeration air conditioners and car air conditioners into the air vain, It was obligated to recover and destroy the refrigerant freon at the time of disposal of the equipment. After that time, the "CFC emission suppression method" will be enforced in April 2015, but the slow is not progressing. As for global warming, as other greenhouse gas emissions decreased, only chlorofluorocarbon was increasing every year, and the measures were a challenge.

Countermeasures against Freon gas are delayed ①

<The ozone layer measures, not proceed as slow....>

In addition to the commercial refrigerators of food companies, supermarkets, and restaurants, CFC (chlorofluorocarbons), which is used as a cooling catalyst for air conditioning facilities in buildings, does not advance recovery. It is said that CFC has a number of hundred to 100,000 times more greenhouse gases than carbon dioxide. At the 24th annual Meeting of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP24), the International framework of global warming, the "Paris agreement" guideline, has been closed again in the Japan.

What is Freon gas? In the mid-1970s, it was investigated that the artificially produced material freon gases destroyed the ozone layer. The ozone layer is present in the stratosphere of 20 ~ 30km above ground. The sun plays a role like a curtain to cut ultraviolet rays contained in sunlight. The ultraviolet rays are harmful, and when it is hit directly, skin cancer and cataracts, blindness, it has been found that it tends to be susceptible to viral diseases such as AIDS due to immunodegradation. Furthermore, it also affects the gene (DNA) of the biological cells. At present, the number of people who take skin cancer and cataracts in the world has increased, and Japan has increased by seven times. Twenty years later, the ozone layer decreased 2/3. It is said to be the worst. On the other hand, it has been pointed out that the ozone layer destruction is one of the big environmental problems in global warming. CFC gas, which is the ringleader of the ozone layer destruction, was used in air conditioners, refrigerators, sprays, etc., and was released into the atmosphere in large quantities. Since Freon gases have a property that is difficult to decompose in the vicinity of the ground, when transported to the stratosphere by atmospheric flow, Freon is decomposed by the strong sun ultraviolet rays, and chlorine is generated. This chlorine acts as a catalyst and destroys ozone one after another. By the way, there are some other substances that destroy the ozone layer besides CFC. The ozone layer has also been destroyed by bromine released by substances such as furlongs used in extinguishing agents.

PRTR, 40% of companies are positive 1998.09.15

According to a questionnaire survey conducted by the environmental Agency for companies and citizens, "chemical substance withdrawal and transfer registration system (PRTR)", the company that is positive for the release of emission information accounted for 41% and exceeded a negative 27%. Nine percent of companies responded that accuracy would not lead to the leakage of trade secrets. Many of the negative business offices also acknowledged the effectiveness of the system, and the "reduction in emissions" amounted to 55%.

Ice Thermal storage Air conditioning system is selling well 1998.09.15

Ice Thermal storage type air conditioning system is rapidly spreading. The number of installations in the Tokyo Electric Power Pipe was 1990 at the end of 1997, with a 21% increase at the end of fiscal 1998. In the entire country, the 3490 in fiscal 1996 increased to 4480 in 1997. The power companies that have to build a power plant to match the peak in summer formed a sales force, and it spurred the spread that the company focused on selling the system.

Ecology Fair held in Ota-ku 1998.09.15

In Ota-ku Industrial Plaza (PiO) in Tokyo, the 2nd new Living goods fairs-clothing and shelter Ecology Fair will be held on September 18 to 3 days. Exhibits include eco-related products and systems such as recycling, energy conservation, new energies, and environmental conservation. The number of booths is 60. Also held a recycling workshop and gardening seminars as a joint event. Admission free.

Progress of specific CFC recovery 1998.09.15

Ministry summarized the contents of the progress of the specific CFC recovery. The car air conditioner started the operation of the collection and destruction system in Tokyo, Chiba, Saitama, and Kanagawa from January 1997, and the destruction track record of January-June is about 12 tons. The commercial refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment has been certified for about 1005 locations and about 2,900 registered collection companies to date. The number of households in the household refrigerator was 1,180,000 units, and the number of CFC recovered was 953,000 units in 1997.

An environmental consultants from United Kingdom 1999.06.15

Three years ago, when Japan companies were increasing their interest in environmental ISO, the environmental consultants from United Kingdom said they would this. "When we think about the improvement of the environment within factories and offices, first of all, our efforts to prevent air pollution are very advanced, and there is no curtain for us to come out Japan." In the case of Japan, in the midst of severe anti-pollution measures, the prevention technology of excellence was acquired compared with other countries. He says, "not only Japan, but the business related to air pollution prevention in Asia is impossible from the beginning. In a word, "air" is held from the beginning to the Japan ".

It was strange to say. Afterwards, he devised the consulting related to water treatment to the municipality and the factory of Japan. However, the result in the Japan seems to have been one now. The reason is that non-competitive dealings are bulrush. On the other hand, I heard that it achieved considerable results in Asia. One day, I learned that in the survey material of the OECD (Economic Development Cooperation Organization), the impetus for the pollution and environmental efforts in developing countries would be one guideline for the country's GDP. When the GDP 2000 dollar was achieved, it was the one of stepping on the order of the water supply, drainage, sewage treatment, the waste, and the atmosphere when the effort began in order of the top, bottom, drainage, and waste, and it became GDP 15000 dollars.

He is now actively proposing "environmental accounting" in Japan, while he began consulting for land evaluation in the factory. The idea is to investigate and analyze soil contamination and to apply environmental standards to the real estate valuation of land in the factory site, including the site of the factory. I had a glimpse of the willingness to do business of foreign affiliated company.

By the way, environmental consultants such as environmental ISO, ESCO Business, and Eco Hotel have landed in Japan one after another. One of Japan companies has been taking a weak point in environmental consideration. Such a trend will continue in the future. Compared with the technical system in the environmental business field of Japan, the market size of the humanities is about 1.5 trillion yen of about one sixteenth. In order to become an environmental nation, it is necessary to have such ideas of foreign affiliated company.

Business with global warming

The market for energy conservation, power saving, self-power generation, and storage of renewable energy is rapidly expanding, as the mainstream of the Japan earthquake and disaster waste treatment after the Tepco nuclear power plant accident, and the radioactive disasters continue to be not relying on nuclear power plants. The environmental business is formed as an all-participating market for the first to third-order industries. In the industrial world, the movement of the nuclear power plant has accelerated in the early and the government's nuclear policy. In the domestic environmental business market, it is the "resource and energy securing" of the pure domestic environment which is listed as the growth field which can be expected in the future. As a result, the industry expansion in these fields will lead to prevention of global warming and low carbon. Therefore, the global warming business is one of the opportunities for the creation of business in the environment, but it does not become the starting point of the idea of business creation. Because climate change is not a global warming phenomenon, global warming and low-carbon business opportunities will not be derived.

The original significance of environmental business The purpose of environmental business is to develop an environment that includes natural and ecological systems for the realization of a sustainable and prosperous society for the future generations, but for the past seven or eight years, environmental business has been emphasizing the "living environment" of the current generation of amenity-oriented It is beginning to deviate from the original meaning. In the political world, the borders of territorial, territorial waters and airspace are thriving, and the deterioration of the global environment related to human fate is indifferent. It is time to sincerely ask that the 21st century is the century of the environment.

Temperature rise 2 degrees to 2.5 degrees fixed 1998.09.15

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in the United Nations is expected to significantly increase the predicted temperature rise of global warming until the year 2100 from 2 degrees C to 2.5 degrees C. The amount of fine particles reflecting solar rays in the atmosphere is likely to decrease in the future. This fine particle is caused by SOX and other countries, but it is predicted that the amount of the outbreak will be significantly below the initial forecast as China and other developing nations try to prevent air pollution.

The season when the dense fog PM2 5 is coming②

The serious PM2 and five problems in such China will have to be expected not to be able to be finished in a mere "fire on the opposite shore", and to receive an enormous influence Japan for the future. PM2-5, which is the source of China's origin, has always flown to the Japan westerly. In the Kanto region, there has been no warning from the reason why observations do not reach the level of attention.

However, in western Japan, which is close to China, the each province has been carefully aroused since March of this year. The symposium, which is titled "The Road to ecological civilization and green Development" (jointly sponsored by Seika Univ., Nomura Research Institute), is held in China by scholars and experts of the day, and the improvement of the environmental law of the Chinese PM2. The center is centered on discussions within the scope of the investigation of compensation and remedies for pollution victims. According to the Professor Zhang Gon of Seika, the environmental measures involved the interests of the government departments and companies, "it is difficult to actually execute the relevant law" at present. The Chinese government is less concerned about the impact on the Japan of PM2 and 5. Japan government also does not try to touch deeply about PM2 5.

There seems to be a meeting at the level of practitioners, but we have not been reported on the content. In such a time, PM2 and 5 from China are surely diffused into the Japan islands, and it is undermining our health. In addition, it binds with moisture in the air, and if it rains, it becomes "acid rain", sunlight to the earth, and destroys the natural environment. It is called "Aerial demon" in China. If you continue to leave this state, not only Japan, Korea, Taiwan such as neighboring countries will be the hardest hit is no doubt.

Health damage, of course, forests wither, farmland and lakes acidified, the structure of the building and buildings-it leads to such a serious situation to deteriorate to the battered by acidified.

It is not the conclusion of "Japan-China PM2 5 Diffusion Prevention Treaty" in both countries between Japan and China in daytime to hear the mask for the PM2 and 5 measures not to be able to sell production to fly at the concession shop at the airport in the Beijing line. The Japan holds the world's largest desulfurization, denitration technology, and exhaust gas countermeasure technology.

It is an urgent task to share these technologies in both countries and to achieve new technological innovations. Century in the 21st century the environment. It is an important issue that the global environmental preservation and conservation which traces the aggravation should be the highest priority, and is not the age of the demarcation of the territory of the twentieth century type and the territorial waters?

The season when the dense fog PM2 5 is coming①

In each of the cities in China, the arrival of a full-fledged winter, the heating by the poor quality coal combustion is applied, further "dense fog" (photochemical smog) by PM2-5 (micro particulate matter) is expected to occur frequently. Depending on the region, visibility has deteriorated to less than 50 meters even for a full year. In the northeast, Harbin is not seen five meters away. The effects of highway closures and flight cancellations and delays, as well as the impact on civil life, have been significant.

Especially, there is a concern about the remarkable health damage of the citizens. In the winter months in Beijing, the city has been covered with dense fog, so Japanese companies are taking precautions to refrain from going out to employees and other measures such as providing subsidies for purchasing air purifiers.

It is said that the number of expatriate employees who think about their families ' return home is increasing. In the first place, PM2-5 is a micro-particulate matter below the diameter 2.5 micrometer (Micro 1-millionth) contained in thermal power plants and plant smoke, automobile exhaust gases, fine dust, etc. Because it is easy to penetrate to the depths of the lungs, it induces asthma and lung cancer.

In the Japan of the high-growth period, Kawasaki Asthma and Yokkaichi caused asthma. Sulfur oxides (so 2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in PM2 and 5 are generated by burning coal, petroleum, etc. The main sources of sulfur oxides are steel mills, power plants, factories, etc. The source of the nitrogen oxide is similar to the sulfur oxide, other automobiles, ships, it is discharged in large quantities from the mobile sources such as aircraft. Dense fog in urban areas are due to sulfur oxides. Both are causative agents of air pollution, causing the collapse of ecosystems (planting and biological mortality), health hazards, etc. By the way, it is said that every year in China, about 500,000 people die from respiratory diseases.

Paradigm shift in the century of the environment

Environmental degradation rapidly advances in the 21st century. The Japan, which has reached the extension line of manufacturing, has become an environmental technology nation capable of exporting and transferring a variety of equipment and equipment.

This transition that has been traced can contribute to the Asian farming region and is fulfilled in the national interest. The current administration is trying to export a war-inducing weapon that inspires the "maximum incentive for environmental destruction" and a high environmental risk nuclear power plant as a national policy. Environmental and pollution problems are inevitable in developing countries such as China and Asia as industrialization and urbanization.

When we think about it, the standing position which should contribute naturally is clear, and the international credibility and the national interest of Japan can be demonstrated here. The twentieth Century is the "Century of the Environment" in which a sustainable economy and society are required to share the Earth's goods fairly in the days of the Territory, military alliance to delineate territorial waters, and trade treaties.

Environmental risk aversion is not merely a response to changes in the natural environment, but also a comprehensive view of the environmental risks of a highly environmentally-intensive war. The environmental industry is different from the weapons and nuclear power industries by some companies, and they are expanding to all industries and small and medium-sized companies in primary, secondary and tertiary industry.

Solar power is for heat use 1

The Sun should be considered as the use of solar heat as well as light.

● Solar thermal Water heaters renewable Energy (natural energy) is a representative of solar power that utilizes solar light. The system which buys the whole amount of power obtained from there becomes a tail wind, and the solar power generation rapidly spread and expanded in recent years. Solar power will continue to run as a top runner in renewable energy. The energy use using the heat of the sun is attracting attention to the method of electric conversion of this solar light again. The solar heat is collected by the collector, etc., and it tries to use it as a heat source of hot water and heating.

● For example, when used in hot water, energy conversion efficiency (heat collection efficiency) is 40% or more, and has a much higher power than the conversion efficiency of 10% solar light. If the use facility is hot water in the possibility of increasing the solar water heater, it is the one that the hot water of 60 ℃ or more can be obtained in summer. A standard solar water heater (6 ㎡ of heat collector area and 300L) can reduce the energy consumed by the general household in hot water for one year by about 95% (approximately 455L in terms of kerosene). The office which uses electricity and kerosene, etc. To change water to hot water if it thinks is not a little. The golf course, the sports facilities, the geriatric care facilities, etc. are used for the hot water in the bath, the shower, and the hot water etc., and are overwhelmingly more than energy consumption such as other lights and air conditioners. In other words, the solar water heater is energy-saving, and energy costs are reduced.

The 21st century is the era of hydrogen civilization 4 - mobile devices and methanol cartridge

4. Increased use of mobile devices.

The 21st century is said to be "the age of Hydrogen civilization" in the 21st century, and its efforts are accelerating toward that era. The core of the technology is the fuel cell (FC: FUELCELL). A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical potential energy (energy stored in molecular bonds) into electrical energy.

Fuel cells that can be used for longer periods of time than conventional batteries used in mobile phones, personal computers, and other mobile devices have been developed by electrical products and telecommunication equipment manufacturers. I hear that demand is surged to come here with the expanding mobile device market. However, the method of reacting the air with methanol is common, and it is now a bottleneck that it is difficult to bring in the methanol cartridge of the hydrogen collection to the airplane etc. by terrorism measures. In Japan, a resource small country that relies on foreign countries for the majority of the hydrogen harvesting energy resources from non-fossil fuels, we can secure resource security if we can collect hydrogen from "water resources" and "biomass" which can be domestically and procured domestically. In Japan, it seems that the "Hydrogen society" spread is in accordance with the national interest above all. This country is at a turning point in its energy policy.

The Renovation and renewal business of housing 1998.11.15

The "Renovation and renewal" business of housing, is expected to grow to a market that exceeds 20 trillion yen in fiscal 2015. The average service life of a Japan residence is very short with about 25 years. Compared with the 75 years of the United States, 44 years of the United Kingdom, it is well below considering the difference of the building method such as the wooden house and the brick. In the past, construction and renovation of new buildings has helped Japan domestic building demand. The construction industry has grown steadily in proportion to economic growth, and it can be said that the result of having continued the Bill de and scrap in that. According to the undisclosed of the Ministry of Construction and the Institute for Construction Economics, the maintenance and repair work for the entire construction industry in 1995 was 12.5 trillion yen. This is a total of 15.2% of all construction, and it has remained stable for the past six years. However, in Europe and the United States, it has exceeded 30% of United Kingdom, and has already grown to a scale comparable to the new market.

Solar power is for heat use 2

The heat collector to collect the solar heat that can be used for cooling in the summertime, water to be accumulated in water, it can be roughly divided into air type to store in the air, water type is possible to retrofit to the existing facility, whereas the air type of building integrated is the advantage that can be used directly heating the air warmed.
In addition, heat storage tank and water storage tank for leveling the heat demand balance caused by the gap in the time zone of heat utilization and heat collection, heat exchanger, and performs a hot water and heating in combination such as a boiler, further heat can be chemically converted to air conditioning in the summertime. As a promising industry for nuclear power plants, the use of solar heat is affected by the rise in crude oil prices due to the second oil crisis in 1979. Although demand increased at that time, the subsided of oil prices continued to peak around 1980. The due of the great East Japan earthquake and the Fukushima nuclear power plant, the effective means of combating global warming, and attracting attention again as a promising industry.

Reuse market in a growing trend

<Reuse of used products and business expansion >

We eco-Business network has been doing market analysis by predicting that reuse and business to reuse used products (used goods) from 10 years ago is the growth area of the environmental business. In the Japan of the resource small country, it is also important to recycle the used product effectively from the viewpoint of resource securing, but it is not turning to recycling immediately, and it is a good idea to re-use (reuse) to reproduce this in many cases. The survival of the product is not a new resource, and it is necessary not to put energy into. Not only that, but there are a number of repair businesses, such as new used markets and repair and repairs, to be created. Although many small and medium-sized establishments, it leads to a wide range of job creation. At first, a small and medium-sized company has been listed in the past 10 years. The Eco-Business network is reading that the market will be twice as much as it is now by 2020. While the store form is large-scale, it polarization to the specialty store which squeezed the material to handle. The customer will also be clear about the consumer and the business place. Originally, it is said that the reuse market will grow in line with the economic downturn. Although it is undeniable that the current reuse market is the same trend, these days, market characteristics have not been seen before. Regardless of the recession, especially in the interest of the demand layer, in addition to the diversification of the idea, the use of products (such as bad feeling because I do not know who used) the prejudice to dilute, if functionality and design property is good, the need is becoming stronger. On the other hand, the supply is also trying to improve the number of items, distribution volume and quality to meet the needs, as well as the dissemination of product information and the expansion of sales methods and systems. NET auctions have already formed a market that is lightly exceeding 1, 5 trillion yen. "When you buy a new product, it is a point to choose a commodity to sell in the reuse shop". We will not let the reuse business out of the growth industry.

Japan proposed to reduce CO2 emissions 1998.10.15

The Government proposes a mechanism by which developed countries and developing countries will jointly work to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in COP4, which will be held in Buenos Aires in November. This "clean development mechanism" enables developed countries to incorporate a portion of the reductions into their own reductions, if developed countries are able to support funding and technology and reduce CO2 emissions. At the same time, developing countries will be able to sell parts of the reductions to other countries as emission quotas.

Reduction of sperm production by diesel exhaust gas 1998.10.15

The research of Tokyo University of Science revealed that there is a toxic damage to the reproductive function of the living thing in the exhaust gas of the diesel car. Experiments with mice, about twice the atmospheric concentration of diesel exhaust gas around the road with heavy traffic, the particle concentration per the Air 1 Legislative meter 0. The sperm production capacity decreased by 21% by 3mg, and 53% in about 20 times and halved. From this data, the research team has a minimum concentration of 0.02 mg that does not affect sperm production capacity.