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Overview of Chongqing's Air Pollution Control Measures - From 1997 to the 2020s Chongqing made progress in air pollution control from 1997 to the 2020s. In 1997, measures included tightening exhaust emission standards, phasing out old vehicles, and reducing coal consumption. The 2000s saw the expansion of hydropower following the completion of the Three Gorges Dam and improvements to public transportation. The 2010s witnessed the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) and reductions in industrial emissions, improving PM2.5 concentrations from 70 μg/m³ to 50 μg/m³. By the 2020s, the average concentration dropped to 35 μg/m³, with hydropower and renewable energy accounting for 40% of total electricity generation. Chronic respiratory diseases decreased by 30% compared to the 2010s, but traffic congestion and smog issues remain challenges. Efforts to balance environmental conservation and economic growth continue.