Tokyo Bay, Osaka Bay, Nagoya Port - 2023 Current Status of Microplastic Pollution in Japan

Tokyo Bay, Osaka Bay, Nagoya Port - 2023 Current Status of Microplastic Pollution in Japan

Microplastic pollution has become increasingly severe in Japan, particularly in urban and industrial coastal areas such as Tokyo Bay, Osaka Bay, and Nagoya Port. Tokyo Bay has recorded up to 30,000 microplastic particles per square meter, Osaka Bay around 20,000 particles, and Nagoya Port approximately 15,000 particles per square meter, highlighting significant accumulation in coastal zones.

The primary components of these microplastics are polyethylene, polypropylene, and PET (polyethylene terephthalate), resulting from the degradation of food containers and packaging materials. Yokohama Port and Kobe Port have reported industrial pellets from petrochemical companies such as Sumitomo Chemical and Mitsubishi Chemical, contributing to marine pollution. These pellets are often released during manufacturing and transportation, dispersing across port areas.

Rivers such as the Yodo and Arakawa also play a major role in transporting plastic waste. Osaka Prefecture's 2020 survey revealed over 300 microplastic particles per liter of water in the lower reaches of the Yodo River. This pollution primarily stems from household products, such as face washes and detergents containing polyethylene beads, as well as industrial waste.

Kyushu University's research found that 20% of seafood in the Japanese market contains microplastics. Furthermore, hundreds of microplastic particles per liter have been found in drinking water, raising concerns about potential health risks.

To address this issue, Japan's Ministry of the Environment implemented the "Plastic Resource Circulation Act" in 2022, focusing on reducing plastic waste and enhancing recycling. Companies such as Kao and Shiseido are adopting biodegradable plastics, while Sumitomo Chemical aims to commercialize marine-degradable plastic products by 2025. However, Japan's recycling rate for plastic waste remains at 30%, with over 70% being incinerated or landfilled, underscoring the need for improvement.

Microplastic pollution continues to spread across Japan's urban and industrial areas. Comprehensive measures involving government policies, corporate efforts, and citizen participation are essential, alongside technological innovation and international collaboration for effective solutions.