The Problem of Endocrine-Disrupting Substances Leaching from PVC Products - History from 2001 to the 2020s

The Problem of Endocrine-Disrupting Substances Leaching from PVC Products - History from 2001 to the 2020s

**2001: The Emergence of the Problem**
In 2001, the health effects of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) leaching from PVC products, particularly medical drip tubes and infusion bags, became a significant issue. DEHP, widely used as a plasticizer to enhance flexibility, was identified as a potential endocrine disruptor. The risks were particularly concerning for neonates and patients with chronic illnesses requiring long-term infusions. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare initiated investigations into the issue.

Medical device manufacturers began researching alternative materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene to replace DEHP. The European Union (EU) introduced regulations in the early 2000s to restrict the use of DEHP, initiating a global response. In Japan, awareness increased about the impact of PVC products on human health, leading to appropriate usage guidelines and training for healthcare professionals.

**2010s: Strengthened Regulations and Technological Innovation**
In the 2010s, the EU's REACH regulations designated DEHP as a Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC), imposing strict usage restrictions. Similarly, California strengthened its regulations under Proposition 65, strictly managing DEHP levels in consumer products.

Medical settings saw companies like Sumitomo Chemical and BASF develop safer alternatives. Innovations included BASF's phthalate-free plasticizer "Hexamoll® DINCH" and bio-based polyethylene products, improving the safety of medical devices. These efforts achieved notable progress in reducing DEHP usage, particularly in Europe and the United States.

**2020s: Sustainable Efforts and Challenges**
In the 2020s, progress in reducing PVC products has varied regionally. Boston Children's Hospital fully adopted DEHP-free drip tubes, reducing leached substances by over 90%. Heidelberg University Hospital advanced with polypropylene-based alternatives. However, developing countries lagged in regulations and technology adoption, highlighting the need for international cooperation.

Sumitomo Chemical introduced bio-based medical products to the market, achieving a 20% global market share by 2023. BASF increased production capacity for phthalate-free plasticizers by 30%, reducing health risks while raising healthcare costs.

**Conclusion and Outlook**
From 2001 to the 2020s, the issue of endocrine-disrupting substances leaching from PVC products saw progress through stricter regulations and technological innovation. While advanced economies have adopted alternatives, developing nations face challenges. Strengthened international cooperation and the supply of safe products are essential for achieving sustainable solutions for both the environment and human health.