=?UTF-8?B?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?=

Factory Windows Open: The Season of Tokushima Prefecture's New Factory Initiative, Mid-1990s In the mid-1990s, Tokushima Prefecture launched its New Factory Initiative, an attempt to fundamentally reexamine the relationship between factories and local communities. Since the era of high economic growth, factories had been entities that brought employment and tax revenue, but they were also entities that caused pollution, landscape degradation, and conflicts with residents. Although pollution regulations were established after the 1970s, environmental measures were still often treated as burdens incidental to corporate activities. After the bubble economy collapsed, local governments, finding it increasingly difficult to attract companies through conventional methods, were compelled to seek a new model for factories premised on environmental consideration. The New Factory Concept distinguished itself by positioning environmental measures not as an afterthought obligation, but a
s a fundamental prerequisite in factory design, integrating pollution control facilities and environmental management equipment as standard elements. Furthermore, it incorporated facilities open to local residents for tours, making the factory interior visible. This aimed to make management practices transparent and build trust with the community. Against the backdrop of developments like the enactment of the Basic Environment Act, companies were increasingly being asked to demonstrate accountability and transparency. This concept represented a grassroots, locally driven practice responding to that demand. The shift in attitude, transforming factories from closed entities into open spaces for learning and coexistence within the community, symbolized the changing relationship between industry and the environment during the transitional period of the mid-1990s.