"Electric Power Ghostly Kitan - The Puerto Rico Smart Meter Case (2012)"
In 2012, a massive smart meter tampering scandal came to light in Puerto Rico, symbolizing the vulnerability of modern infrastructure. Smart meters installed by electric utilities were tampered with by engineers to display less electricity than was actually used. As a result, huge losses of approximately $400 million per year were incurred. Former power company employees and some citizens were also involved in the fraud, and they systematically requested modifications in order to reduce their bills. Behind the problem was the lack of basic security measures such as encryption and authentication in the smart meters when they were first installed. After the incident, the FBI launched an investigation and proceeded to uncover those involved. This incident strongly impressed upon the world the lesson that smart infrastructure must be not only "smart" but also "defensible.
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