Comparison of Food Waste Recycling in Tokyo - 2002 and 2022

Comparison of Food Waste Recycling in Tokyo - 2002 and 2022

**Situation in November 2002 and Comparison & Consideration with 2022**

In 2002, Tokyo's annual food waste generation was about 19 million tons, with a very low recycling rate, mostly being incinerated or landfilled. At that time, recycling facilities in areas like Koto Ward were limited, and biogas generation through methane fermentation was not yet fully implemented. The recycling infrastructure for waste was underdeveloped, and there were significant cost and technological challenges, making sustainable waste management difficult to achieve.

By 2022, the amount of food waste has decreased, stabilizing at around 5.5 million tons across Tokyo. With advancements in recycling technology, Koto Ward's recycling plant now processes about 120,000 tons of food waste annually through methane fermentation, generating biogas that powers local public facilities. Companies like Seven-Eleven and FamilyMart have also taken the lead in recycling projects, reusing discarded food as animal feed or fertilizer and aiming to increase recycling rates.

**Comparison and Consideration**

1. **Decrease in Waste Generation**
In 2002, Tokyo's food waste reached 19 million tons, whereas by 2022, it has decreased to 5.5 million tons. This reduction is a result of increased awareness in businesses and households, along with successful efforts to reduce food loss. The improvement in recycling technology and increased reuse of food waste are also contributing factors.

2. **Advancements in Recycling Technology**
In 2002, recycling infrastructure was lacking, but by 2022, significant technological progress has been made, with biogas generation and reuse expanding at recycling facilities such as those in Koto Ward. This has greatly improved the efficiency of waste processing and turned waste into a valuable energy source.

3. **Expansion of Corporate Roles**
In 2002, corporate involvement in food waste recycling was limited, but by 2022, major companies are driving recycling projects. Seven-Eleven and FamilyMart have set clear recycling goals and are actively working to increase recycling rates, demonstrating a growing corporate commitment to environmental responsibility.

4. **Continued Challenges**
However, challenges remain in 2022. The cost of food waste processing is still high, at around 50,000 yen per ton, and further efforts are needed to improve cost efficiency. Additionally, expanding the use of recycled fuel and promoting the use of recycled products in the market remain pressing issues.

**Overall Evaluation**
In 2022, while there has been significant progress in recycling technology and corporate initiatives regarding food waste in Tokyo, issues like high recycling costs and the need for further technological innovation persist. Compared to 2002, there has been a clear shift towards a more sustainable society, but ongoing efforts to reduce environmental impact will remain crucial.